A DETERRENCE THEORY OF PUNISHMENT By Anthony Ellis I start from the presupposition that the use of force against another is justified only in self-defence or in defence of others against aggression. RETRIBUTIVE THEORY OF PUNISHMENT. The main objective of this theory is to deter (prevent) crimes. ~ INSCRIBING LEGAL REALM ~ HOME Deterrence theory says that people will obey the law if the punishment is swift, certain and severe. The book the origin of species written by charles darwin, cast doubt on Classical and Neoclassical theories. There are 4 major theories of punishment. It has often been objected to the deterrent justification of punishment that it commits us to using offenders unacceptably, and that it is unable to deliver acceptable limits on punishment. This system of beliefs about the purposes of punishment often spills over into the political arena. This idea of punishment is similar to that of the deterrent theory. Deterrent means, "infliction of severe punishments with punishments with a view to prevent the offender from committing the crime again." This book introduced the concept that other influences of human behavior beyond free will and choice were at play. Modern Theory of Punishment Modern Theory of Punishment is a combination of all the theories discussed above. The deterrence theory is a very basic, but overlapping theory to all of the others. Deterrence has two purposes: (i) to restrain the wrong-doer from repeatedly indulging in crime, and (ii) to set an example for others to deter and prevent them from committing crimes or violating laws. We must mark here an important distinction. It has often been objected to the deterrent justification of punishment that it commits us to using offenders unacceptably, and that it is unable to deliver acceptable limits on punishment. Reformative theory gives more weight to interest of criminal and deterrent theory priority In criminology, deterrence can be defined as the preventive effect which actual or threatened punishment of offenders has upon potential offenders. 326-35. Deterrence theory views punishment in two ways. Deterrence theory's central hypotheses are that crime can be prevented when punishment is certain, severe, and quick. Punishment before anything else is a deterrent. It has often been objected to the deterrent justification of punishment that it commits us to using offenders unacceptably, and that it is unable to deliver acceptable limits on punishment. could sustain such punishment, and therefore base their decision on that. The reformative theory of punishment emphasises on reformation of offenders through the method of individualisation. 2. Conclusion. The vital deterrent characteristics of punishment postulated by Beccaria are all the following except; conforming 3. Punishment satisfies the feeling of revenge. They are specific deterrence and general deterrence. If so, the main work of justifying punishment must rely on its deterrent effect, since most punishments have no other significant self‐defensive effect. The retributive theory assumes that the punishment is given only for the sake of it. There are two theories in which this theory can be divided further. That is, people tend to agree with the theory of punishment that is most likely to generate the outcome they believe is the correct one. In other words, the monetary loss of the sufferer is compensated and the criminal has to compensate for the loss. It is a primitive theory. With the development of criminal science brought about a huge change in criminal concepts. -By Aprajita Priyadarshini. Deterrent theory . Short essay on deterrence theory of Punishment. Thus, Lee (2017) argued that punishment alone is not enough as a measure of deterrent and propose the evolution of general deterrent theory known as 'wide-scope deterrent theory'. If so, the main work of justifying punishment must rely on its deterrent effect, since most punishments have no other significant self‐defensive effect. References. It deters the criminal for committing crime in future. Thus, it suggests that evil should be returned for evil without taking into consideration any consequences. is deterrent. Punishment - Punishment - General deterrence: The approach based on general deterrence aims to dissuade others from following the offender’s example. According to this theory, the object of punishment is not to only prevent the wrongdoer from doing a wrong a second time, but also to make him an example to others who have criminal tendencies. Read More. And so we try to attach to a fault a punishment so certain, and so severe, that the remembrance of it will prevent the offender committing it again, while the fear of a similar one will prevent others from following his example. To do this there are a number of theories that should be examined. The economic deterrent theory, is regarded as one of the major theoretical areas that have an impact on tax compliance, however this theory has been impacted upon by the development of social and psychological models (Frey & Feld, 2002:7; Frey, B.S. DETERRENT THEORY OF PUNISHMENT. Retributive is impartial and neutral. Theories of Punishment Reformative Theory. Theories of Punishment: Definition, Criticism and Philosophy 1. Deterrent theory of punishment was given by classical philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes (1588–1678), Cesare Beccaria (1738–1794), and Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832). Utility theory recommends more punishment than the profit of crime. If so, the main work of justifying punishment must rely on its deterrent effect, since most punishments have no other significant self‐defensive effect. See Thom Brooks, 'Retributivist Arguments against Capital Punishment', Journal of Social Phi losophy, 35 (2) (2004), pp. Criminology defines different theories of crime, from time to time these theories also developed and changed. It is assumed that those who commit a crime, get some mental satisfaction in such an act. Therefore, to neutralize this, an equal amount of … 188-97, Claire Valier, 'Minimum Terms of Imprisonment in Murder, Just Deserts and the Sentencing Guidelines', Criminal Law Review (2003), pp. We learn that at a very early . See Ellis, 'A Deterrent Theory of Punishment', pp.